By State › Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania: Laws & Legal Considerations
Download all of Pennsylvania as PDF PrintRainwater harvesting: permitted statewide, subsidized in Philadelphia
Pennsylvania places no state-level restriction on collecting rainwater for non-potable use, and Philadelphia specifically goes further than any other city covered on this site by directly funding it.
| Rule | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|
| Source water | Rooftop or other on-property catchment |
| Permit required | No, for typical residential non-potable use |
| Permitted uses | Non-potable: irrigation, washing; drinking untreated collected rainwater is not permitted |
| Underlying framework | No specific state harvesting statute; governed under the broader Pennsylvania Storm Water Management Act of 1978 (Act 167), which sets the stormwater-management framework counties and municipalities build local ordinances on |
Philadelphia will give you a rain barrel
The Philadelphia Water Department runs free workshops and gives away free rain barrels to residents, and the city offers stormwater grants and low-interest loans for larger nature-based stormwater projects on non-residential properties. This is a genuinely different posture from every other state covered so far, direct public funding for the exact behavior this manual’s water chapter already recommends, not just an absence of restriction.
Where to find it: the Philadelphia Water Department (water.phila.gov) for city-specific programs; the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (dep.pa.gov) for statewide stormwater policy.
Water rights: riparian, same family as Florida and New York, with an explicit priority rule
Pennsylvania uses the same broad riparian reasonable-use doctrine as Florida and New York, but its case law spells out an explicit priority order that those two states’ pages didn’t need to cover.
| Concept | How it works in Pennsylvania |
|---|---|
| Who holds the right | Riparian owners: landowners bordering a watercourse |
| Governing principle | Reasonable use: some reduction in flow is allowed as long as other riparian users aren't unreasonably harmed; "reasonable" depends on stream size, use type, withdrawal amount, and other users' circumstances |
| Nature of the right | Usufructuary: a right to use the water, not to own it outright |
| Priority in a conflict | Domestic use (drinking, bathing, livestock, laundry) is explicitly given top priority over all other uses when riparian users conflict |
| Prohibited uses | Selling or wasting water, and diverting it to non-riparian land, are both treated as unreasonable regardless of amount |
Where to find it: the Pennsylvania DEP’s Bureau of Safe Drinking Water handles larger water allocation questions; Penn State Extension (extension.psu.edu) publishes a plain-language overview of riparian rights for property owners.
Concealed carry: shall-issue, and the simplest process covered here so far
Pennsylvania requires a license to carry concealed, unlike Utah, Texas, and Florida’s permitless systems, but its process is the least demanding shall-issue system covered on this site, notably simpler than California’s or New York’s.
| Requirement | Detail |
|---|---|
| Standard | Shall-issue: the county Sheriff must issue a License to Carry Firearms (LTCF) to any applicant who meets the statutory criteria |
| Training required | None; Pennsylvania is one of the few shall-issue states with no mandatory training or live-fire component at all |
| Minimum age | 21 |
| Cost and validity | $20, valid for 5 years |
| Processing time | Up to 45 days by law |
Where Pennsylvania sits on the spectrum
Across the six states covered so far, this section runs from fully permitless (Utah, Texas, Florida) through Pennsylvania’s no-training shall-issue system, to California’s shall-issue system with a mandatory 16-hour course, to New York’s much more demanding “good moral character” standard with an 18-hour requirement and an active interview and background investigation. Pennsylvania sits closer to the permitless end than either California or New York.
Sources
- Pennsylvania rainwater harvesting rules and Philadelphia incentive programs: Pennsylvania-State.blog; Philadelphia Water Department; Act 167 framework: StormwaterPA
- Pennsylvania riparian water rights, reasonable use, and domestic-use priority: Penn State Extension; MPL Law Firm
- Pennsylvania License to Carry Firearms requirements: CCW Hub; Alien Gear Holsters